The Web Is Not Tomorrow But Today

Over the past 20 years, the web has evolved from a document-sharing network to a platform capable of doing things we didn’t even know possible.

The web has struggled to adapt to its user's needs since its inception.

Plugins such as Flash and Silverlight were given the chance to dominate the market because the web itself was still crawling and not ready to walk yet.

The landscape changed completely when the smartphone revolution had people leaving their desktops (and plugins) behind and settling for a far smaller and less powerful device instead.

What about Mobile?

Nearly 10 years after the original iPhone had people lining up outside of stores, the web has still not conquered the mobile front completely.

The ‘mobile’ web’s capabilities are behind that of native apps or even desktop browsers.

Flash might have been killed but that didn’t make HTML5 king yet. However, more and more developers are choosing it to develop their mobile experiences. Gartner says by the end of 2016, more than 50 percent of Mobile Apps deployed will be hybrid.

Tools such as React Native and PhoneGap (Cordova) offer a great alternative for web developers to use web technologies to build native apps.

Hybrid approaches are time- and cost-effective: Rather than build an app from the ground up for each mobile platform, developers can write HTML5-based code once and tweak it to redeploy for iOS, Android, Windows Phone, etc.

Google has also been pushing the web platform forward in many ways.

Their own operating system initiative Chrome OS is a prime example of what the web can do, and possibly what the App Store could have been.

Chrome OS relies entirely on the web and doesn’t have any sort of native alternative apart from the browser’s JavaScript APIs, which you can use in Chrome Apps. But Chrome OS doesn’t count as mobile, especially since it comes with a desktop-grade browser and is only shipped on small laptops, which is why Google has been backing a movement for more usable and native-like web apps coined Progressive Web Apps.

In theory, these work great and this is definitely the direction in which the web should be heading in the coming years but, for now, this is an ideal vision that only really works on Google’s own Chrome for Android browser, so there’s still work to be done there.

The JavaScript Revolution

Although most people still associate JavaScript with Front End Web Development, JavaScript has conquered almost every corner of modern computing. In my opinion, Node is the PHP of the future. Node is easy to learn, easy to install, and easy to develop.

The only thing lacking for Node.js is widespread hosting options. Web hosting is still just PHP most of the time, but Node.js offers a good opportunity for hosting companies to try something new.

JavaScript is also used in IoT (Internet of Things) and even VR. Johnny Five is a well-known JavaScript library that works with nearly all new microcontrollers (or whatever you wish to call them).

Tessel is another great example of what JavaScript can achieve. It is not just a library but a whole device that relies on JavaScript.

Around this time last year Mozilla released A-Frame.

Although it didn’t get the attention it deserved it is truly an amazing library. Built on top of Three.js A-Frame allows developers to create web-based Virtual Reality experiences. I’ve played around with it myself and I have to say that it is a great library.

The problem is, that VR wasn’t as big as everyone thought (hoped?) it would be. VR may one day become very normal, but it will never get people that excited.

Community

Companies and individuals will always need the web; an app usually contains less content than a website. Take mobile banking for example. You can probably do a lot in the app, but usually not everything. Websites are affordable, accessible, and relatively easy to make, and the open-source community behind the web has made the web increasingly better in recent years.

Frameworks like jQuery and Bootstrap have made the web more accessible for developers of all skill levels. For a while, it looked like Angular was going to be the next big thing. However, the second backward incompatible installment hasn’t reached the same heights set by its predecessor.

There are plenty of other excellent MV* libraries out there; Backbone, Knockout, Ember, and Vue just to name a few, so developers have no need to stay with Angular, especially if their old code doesn’t work anymore anyway.

I think it is fair to say that the future of web development will mostly rely on React.

The Facebook-powered library has taken the web development community by storm and has solidified itself as the go-to library, without overdoing itself like Angular. I think the biggest challenge React will face in the future is widespread adoption. So the real question is, do websites really need React?

Forever Growing

The web is still growing at a steady rate and will continue doing so for a long time to come.

As of now, an estimated 3.4 billion people use the internet, which is nearly half of the world’s population.

As the other half comes online the web will be faced with its biggest demon one more time; browser support. Most of the new users getting online these days live in emerging economies and even third-world countries, so they won’t be coming online on a brand-new Macbook with Chrome 53 installed. If they’re lucky they’ll have a Samsung Galaxy S2 with an old Android browser.

This leaves web developers with a different problem. How can they make websites accessible to these new users who don’t have the latest features and top-speed internet connections? A lot of businesses are probably missing out on a lot of potential users because of this. It is estimated that by 2020 another 350 million people will be using the web in India, which is more than the population of the United States.

From here on

To reach these new users, websites will need to be made more lightweight and accessible than ever.

Even though it is not a website, a great example of this is YouTube Go, a new lightweight version of YouTube made especially for users like those in India who don’t have access to high-speed internet. Notice how they’ve optimized their app to be more usable in these situations through small changes that didn’t cost a lot of time to make.

The hardest part is seeing these small details that need to be changed in your app, without being in this position yourself.

Google CEO Sundar Pichai recently explained how “solving [problems] for India is inspiring new Google innovations” around the world, so maybe less is more after all, which is why I don’t think React is going to get the widespread worldwide adoption that jQuery has. Not because it isn’t good, but because it just isn’t needed yet.

Future Thoughts

One thing’s for sure: the web is here to stay.

For post-millennials (the Igen) the web is no longer just a technological innovation, it is a part of who they are. The next war is going to get fought on the web. The next revolution is going to take place on the web. The next leader of the free world is getting chosen on the web right now.

The web is an ever-expanding digital realm that has become a huge part of our lives.

However, the web’s best quality is that it is open to everybody. Nobody owns the web, or in contrast, everybody owns the web. But not everybody is cashing in on their ownership rights.

Maybe one day some time from now the difference between being illiterate and literate won’t just be about being able to use words, but being able to code (writing), or at least understand code (reading). It is scary how many people rely on something they don’t even remotely understand. Like Steve Jobs once said, “The smallest company in the world can look as large as the largest company in the world on the web,’ and that is true to this day.

More than ever, the web is full of potential and, with more and more logic on the client side, as JavaScript is the language of the Web, you also need to find ways to protect the websites as more threats will come from there.

Jscrambler offers a Runtime Application Self-Protection (RASP) solution – the most effective level of protection for client-side web applications – that protects them against runtime attacks. It can make your web applications self-defensive and detect tampering, using anti-debugging and anti-tampering techniques – well-known application protection concepts – but for JavaScript-specific reality and limitations.